This study aims to examine how Polish transport companies perceive changes in their economic condition and the state of their microenvironment compared to the period before the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It also aims to identify the relationships between self-assessment of changes in the economic situation and the perception of transformations in the immediate environment. Besides methods of statistical description, econometric modeling was employed in the research. It was found that Polish transport companies that provide services linked to trade with Ukraine consider their overall economic situation to be better and perceive changes in demand for their services more positively than the surveyed transport companies in general; the changes that the companies perceive in the economic situation are determined to a significant extent by the changes they feel in certain areas of their microenvironment; for companies that have noticed changes in their immediate economic environment, such as increased availability of workers on the labor market, increased domestic demand for transport services, and reduced competition from foreign carriers, there is a higher probability of economic improvement.